Start pension early – with these tricks it works

Despite a shortage of skilled workers, all complaints about a shortage of skilled workers are interested in getting rid of older employees. Not least to make room for young people, for example in industries whose work is particularly digitized. This does not necessarily have to be bad for employees. Sometimes is a

Employees who have a so -called degree of disability (GdB) of 50 percent and more can start their retirement instead of 63 at the earliest at the earliest. Your regular age pension would start at the age of 65. The exit at 62 costs a maximum of 10.8 percent discount from the standard amount. Up to 14.4 percent are deducted without handicap. The granted degree of disability is decisive at the beginning of the pension – not the one in front of it or that after the pension start.

The regional pension office decides on request whether there is a 50 percent or major restriction. The reasons for such a handicap are very diverse, including heavy bronchial asthma, severe allergies, severe chronic pain, cardiovascular and cancer and cancer. One offers, among other things, the Myhandicap Foundation.

In principle, it is neither beautiful nor desirable, but under certain circumstances, the loss of the job can be manageable by termination by the employer. At least financially, and from the age of 61. Because: Anyone who is 58 or older is entitled to two years of unemployment benefit. This applies if you were insured or voluntarily insured in the 30 months before going to the employment agency at least twelve months. It is therefore an insurance benefit for which employees and employers have previously paid contributions.

The amount of unemployment benefit depends on the gross income in the twelve months before the start of unemployment. The employment agency calculates a so -called performance fee. 60 percent of this is the amount that the unemployed will receive a day. If there are children with maintenance, 67 percent are paid out. Calculated individually and as a month value is very easy with that.

An example: For the annual gross average earnings full-time of around 53,000 euros a year, there is a monthly unemployment benefit of around 1700 euros-for tax class I or IV, and without a child (ER). In tax class III for married people, around 1900 euros would be paid out. Unemployed are allowed to earn 165 euros per month, so a small mini job is allowed. Series about this are counted towards unemployment benefit. A maximum of 15 hours per week are permitted.

Anyone who is terminated at 61 should also receive a severance payment. The legal basis is half a gross monthly salary per year of employment. This would result in around 22,000 euros in severance pay for ten years of employment at the last employer. If unemployment would exist up to the age of 63, so far from then there would be around 900 euros from the severance payment; On the outside are taxes (for severance payments according to the) and any interest credits (for example as a call money system). In the calculation example for tax classes I or IV, this results in a monthly amount of up to 2765 euros. Crucial: Unemployment insurance pays, among other things, the contributions to the pension insurance, up to two years, i.e. for 61-year-olds until the earliest possible start of the old-age pension.

Case stricken: Without the ordinary termination by the employer, the employment agency can block the payment of unemployment benefit for up to three months. She then assumes consent when ending the job. And: The employment agency requires the participation of the job seekers, also beyond the search for a mini job. So looking for a job is not the same. The pension itself is also somewhat lower, since unemployment insurance typically pays lower contributions than those previously in the employment relationship.

Whether a change at 61 in the direction of a pension with 63 can therefore depend very much on the individual circumstances of those affected. The path is possible, but stony.

Partial retirement, called “ATZ” for short, enables employees aged 57 and over the exit from the proverbial hamster wheel – from 60.

This is how it works: Employers and employees conclude a contract of up to six years of term. The following is then possible: In the first three years, the asset phase, the work continues regularly. In the following three years, the passive phase, employees are then exempted, quasi “in early”. Anyone who starts such a contract at the age of 57 is out of operation with 60 – and then go into the old -age pension at 63. In addition to this so -called block model, it is also possible. Start, end and total duration of partial retirement can generally negotiate companies and employees freely: as a house collective agreement, in the form of a company agreement or individually. However, there is no entitlement to agreements for partial retirement for any of those involved.

The partial retirement costs something. And employers and employees. A new, reduced salary is calculated for the entire partial retirement, i.e. up to six years. Basic formula: the last salary divided by two, plus 20 percent of them as an increase amount. And: The employer continues to pay the social security contributions. Decent partial retirement contracts offer employees a little more increase, so that the ATZ content is 80 to 90 percent of the previous remuneration. Because: The reduced salary reduces the later retirement pension. If their start before the regular entry, for example at 63 years, there are also pension discounts of up to 14.4 percent.

In order to improve the reduced content, Atzler can generally take part in a secondary activity. The approval rules of your company apply. The main and secondary activity must not exceed 48 hours per week. Attention: This also applies to the passive phase. It is not allowed to let passive ATZ employees work for the company again, for example. However, there has been no limit in the amount of the additional earnings in the approved secondary activity since 2023. This is only relevant in the income tax return.