Under the paradigm of moving from a centrally planned economy by the State to another market but on the basis of socialism, the USSR undertook openings in some areas, mainly in the private property.
The economic system was decentralized, the modernization of the industry and the normalization of the consumer market were proposed, among other points.
Perestroika resulted in a price liberalization that, accompanied by the end of the regulation of wagesincreased over the years the levels of poverty and the gap inequality since the privatization of companies allowed the generation of a millionaire elite.
The economic process was inherently related to another opening, the political, social and cultural one baptized as “glasnost”, which refers to Soviet liberalization.
The economic restructuring It was accompanied by another policy that basically consisted of dismantling the centralized system under the aegis of the Communist Party to make way for another made up of federations.
An initiative in the Gorbachev failed. Years of repression of dissenting voices within the USSR fueled nationalism in its former republics that, in 1991, refused to voluntarily join the federation project.
The Soviet Union then dissolved in 15 states, Russia becoming the largest of them.
Hence, for many Russians today in a context of growing nationalism, Mikhail Gorbachev is seen as the leader who completely buried Soviet imperialism and its values.
‘Some say that perestroika was not necessary. But I can only say one thing about these people: they have a very short memory,’ Gorbachev assured in one of his last interviews. “Everyone, both leaders and ordinary citizens, felt that something was wrong with the country. The stalemate deepened and economic development, de facto, had stopped,’ he said.
Source: Ambito
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