Cases of a terrible stomach virus are increasing in parts of the United Statesaccording to government data. The most recent figures provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show that 91 norovirus outbreaks were reported during the week of December 5, compared to 69 outbreaks during the last week of November.
Data from recent years shows a maximum of 65 outbreaks reported during the first week of December.
A norovirus infection is characterized by sudden vomiting and diarrhea. Outbreaks frequently occur on cruise ships, and settings where people are close to each other such as nursing homes, prisons, and schools.
Here are some things you should know about the virus:
What is norovirus?
Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States and is responsible for 58% of such infections acquired in the country each year, according to the CDC.
Norovirus infections are caused by a group of viruses that spread easily, since only 10 viral particles are capable of making a person sick, health experts say.
Approximately 2,500 norovirus outbreaks are reported annually in the United States. Outbreaks can occur throughout the year, but are most common from November to April.
In addition to vomiting and diarrhea, common symptoms include nausea, stomach pain, body aches, headache, and fever.
How is it contracted?
Most norovirus outbreaks occur when people who are already infected spread the virus to others through direct means, such as sharing food or eating utensils. Outbreaks can also spread through contaminated food, water, or surfaces.
How long does the illness last?
Illness caused by norovirus usually begins suddenly, with symptoms developing suddenly. 12 to 48 hours after exposure to the virus. Most people get relief within one to three days and make a full recovery.
But with 19 to 21 million infections each year in the United States, norovirus causes an average of 900 deaths and 109,000 hospitalizations annually, primarily among adults over 65 years of age. It also leads to 465,000 emergency department visits, most of which are young children.
Who is at risk?
People of all ages can get norovirus. Young children, older people and those with weakened immune systems are most at risk, with dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea being the main concern.
There is no medication to treat norovirus. Hydration is recommended by drinking water and other liquids, with the exception of coffee, tea and alcohol.
Anyone suffering from dehydration should seek medical help. Symptoms of dehydration include a decrease in urination, dry mouth and throat, and feeling dizzy when standing up. Dehydrated children may be unusually sleepy or irritable and cry with few or no tears.
How can I protect myself?
Thorough and frequent handwashing is the best defense against norovirus during the peak winter season, scrubbing your hands with soap and warm water for 20 seconds before meals.
Cleaning surfaces with household disinfectants can also help.
Source: Ambito
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